Ngenxa yokuncipha kwezinsizakusebenza emhlabeni wonke, umonakalo wegesi ebamba ukushisa emvelweni kanye neminye imiphumela empilweni yabantu, ukuqwashisa kwabantu ngokuphila okuluhlaza kuya ngokuya kuba ngcono. Eminyakeni yamuva nje igama elithi “izinto zokusetshenziswa ezivuselelwe/eziphinde zasetshenziswa” liya ngokuya lithandwa embonini yezingubo kanye neyendwangu yasekhaya. Eminye imikhiqizo yokugqoka edumile emhlabeni wonke efana ne-Adidas, i-Nike, i-Uniqlo kanye nezinye izinkampani zingabameli balo mkhankaso.
Iyini i-cellulose fiber evuselelwe kanye ne-polyester fiber evuselelwe? Abantu abaningi badidekile ngalokhu.
1. Iyini i-cellulose fiber evuselelwe?
Izinto ezingavuthiwe ze-fiber ye-cellulose evuselelwe kabusha yi-cellulose yemvelo (okungukuthi ukotini, i-hemp, uqalo, izihlahla, izihlahla). Ukuze sakhe ukusebenza okungcono kwe-fiber ye-cellulose evuselelwe kabusha sidinga nje ukushintsha isakhiwo somzimba se-cellulose yemvelo. Isakhiwo sayo samakhemikhali asishintshi. Ukukubeka ngendlela elula, i-fiber ye-cellulose evuselelwe kabusha ikhishwa futhi ihlungwe kusuka ezintweni zemvelo zokuqala ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokwenziwa. Ingeye-fiber yokwenziwa, kodwa ingokwemvelo futhi ihlukile ku-fiber ye-polyester. AKUYONA eye-fiber yamakhemikhali!
I-Tencel fiber, eyaziwa nangokuthi “i-Lyocell”, iyi-fiber cellulose evuselelwe kabusha evamile emakethe. Hlanganisa i-pulp yokhuni yesihlahla se-coniferous, amanzi kanye nezinyibilikisi bese ushisa kuze kuqedwe ngokuphelele. Ngemva kokususa ukungcola nokusonta, inqubo yokukhiqiza i-“Lyocell” impahla isiqediwe. Isimiso sokuluka se-Modal ne-Tencel sifana. Izinto zayo zokusetshenziswa zithathwe emahlathini okuqala. I-fiber ye-bamboo ihlukaniswe nge-fiber ye-bamboo pulp kanye ne-fiber ye-bamboo yokuqala. I-fiber ye-bamboo pulp yenziwa ngokungeza izithasiselo ezisebenzayo ku-pulp ye-bamboo Moso futhi icutshungulwe ngokusonta okumanzi. Ngenkathi i-fiber ye-bamboo yokuqala ikhishwa ku-bamboo Moso ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-biological agent yemvelo.
2. Iyini i-polyester fiber evuselelwe/ephinde yasetshenziswa?
Ngokwesimiso sokuvuselelwa kabusha, izindlela zokukhiqiza i-polyester fiber evuselelwe kabusha zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: ngokomzimba nangokwekhemikhali. Indlela ebonakalayo isho ukuhlunga, ukuhlanza nokomisa izinto ze-polyester ezilahliwe bese kuncibilikiswa ukusonta ngqo. Ngenkathi indlela yamakhemikhali ibhekisela ekususeni i-polymerizing izinto ze-polyester ezilahliwe zibe yi-polymerization monomer noma ama-polymerization intermediates ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali; ukuvuselelwa kwe-polymerization ngemva kwezinyathelo zokuhlanzwa nokuhlukanisa bese kuncibilikiswa ukusonta.
Ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obulula, inqubo elula kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza zendlela ebonakalayo, kuyindlela evelele yokuvuselela i-polyester eminyakeni yamuva. Ngaphezu kuka-70% kuya ku-80% wamandla okukhiqiza i-polyester esetshenzisiwe avuselelwa ngendlela ebonakalayo. Intambo yayo yenziwe ngamabhodlela amanzi amaminerali angcolile namabhodlela e-Coke. Ithandwa kakhulu emazweni athuthukile njengeYurophu ne-United States ngoba isetshenziswa kabusha imfucuza. I-polyester ephinde yasetshenziswa inganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha, ithani ngalinye lentambo ye-PET eqediwe lingasindisa amathani ayi-6 kawoyela. Ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukungcola komoya nokulawula umphumela wokushisa. Isibonelo: ukuvuselela ibhodlela lepulasitiki elinomthamo ongu-600cc = ukunciphisa i-carbon engu-25.2g = ukonga uwoyela ongu-0.52cc = ukonga amanzi ongu-88.6cc.
Ngakho-ke izinto ezivuselelwe/eziphinde zasetshenziswa zizoba yizinto eziyinhloko ezilandelwa umphakathi esikhathini esizayo. Izinto eziningi ezihlobene kakhulu nezimpilo zethu njengezingubo, izicathulo namatafula zenziwe ngezinto eziphinde zasetshenziswa ezinobungani nemvelo. Kuzokwamukelwa kakhulu umphakathi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-22-2022
